Introduction to NumPy

Introduction to NumPy

NumPy (Numerical Python) provides the foundational n‑dimensional array object that powers most scientific Python libraries.

Installing NumPy

pip install numpy

First array

import numpy as np

# Create a 1‑D array from a Python list
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])
print(arr)
print("Shape:", arr.shape)
print("Data type:", arr.dtype)

Why use NumPy?

• Speed: Vectorized operations are implemented in C.
• Memory efficiency: Homogeneous data types.
• Rich functionality: Linear algebra, Fourier transforms, random sampling, and more.