Magic Methods and Dunder

Magic Methods and Dunder\n\nMagic (or dunder) methods are special hooks that let your objects integrate with Python’s built‑in syntax. They always start and end with double underscores (__).\n\npython\nclass Vector:\n def __init__(self, x, y):\n self.x = x\n self.y = y\n def __repr__(self):\n return f'Vector({self.x}, {self.y})'\n def __len__(self):\n return 2\n def __add__(self, other):\n return Vector(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)\n\nv1 = Vector(1, 2)\nv2 = Vector(3, 4)\nprint(v1) # Vector(1, 2)\nprint(len(v1)) # 2\nprint(v1 + v2) # Vector(4, 6)\n\n\nImplementing the appropriate dunder methods makes your classes feel like native Python types.\n