Variables – var, let & const

Three ways to declare variables:

Keyword	Scope	Re‑assignment	Hoisting
var	Function‑scoped	✅	Yes (initialised as undefined)
let	Block‑scoped	✅	No (Temporal Dead Zone)
const	Block‑scoped	❌ (immutable binding)	No (TDZ)

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Example:

var a = 1;      // function‑scoped, can be redeclared
let b = 2;      // block‑scoped, cannot be redeclared in the same block
const C = 3;    // block‑scoped, constant binding